dc.description.abstract |
We analyze tunnel wells (surangams), traditional water harvesting systems, which have been innovated and nurtured by farmers in the Enmakaje panchayat in the state of Kerala in South India for decades . We show how the genesis and design of the indigenous knowledge-based water harvesting systems are shaped by agro-ecological conditions . We also identify issues that affect the sustainability of tunnel wells in the changing agrarian context in this region . The significance of tunnel wells is declining, even though the smallholders, who dominate the agricultural landscape, are highly dependent on tunnel wells to meet their water requirements . Grass roots efforts are needed to revive this traditional water harvesting system |
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